Food additive · Emulsifier

Polysorbate 80

E-number
E433
CAS
9005-65-6

A synthetic emulsifier used in ice cream, frozen desserts, dressings and supplements.

  • Food additive
  • Emulsifier
  • Ethoxylated ingredient
  • Emulsifier studied for gut effects
  • Ultra-processing marker
  • Expert review pending

Concern level

Moderate concern Level 2 of 4 How concern levels work

Strong evidence of harm at high intake, emerging evidence of harm, or a common allergen or irritant. The concern level sets how many points Polysorbate 80 costs on a product’s receipt.

What the evidence says

  • Gut microbiome (emerging)Emerging evidence

    In mice, polysorbate 80 altered the gut microbiota and promoted low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome; human evidence is limited. [1]

  • Low concernStrong evidence

    EFSA (2015) found no concern for genotoxicity or carcinogenicity and set a group ADI of 25 mg/kg body weight for polysorbates. [2]

Evidence tiers say how sure the evidence is, separately from how much it matters. About evidence tiers.

Rules around the world

How regulators treat Polysorbate 80
WhereStatusDetailsDateSource
United States Permitted Permitted as a food additive (21 CFR 172.840). — [3]
European Union Restricted Permitted (E 433) in listed foods with maximum levels. — [4]

“Banned” means explicitly prohibited or withdrawn after review; “not permitted” means never authorized there. We use each regulator’s own words.

Popular products that list Polysorbate 80

60 of the 17,000 most-scanned products in the US with a GoodSwap page list Polysorbate 80. The 12 most scanned:

Diets and allergens

Vegan
Yes
Vegetarian
Yes
Gluten-free
Yes

For the ingredient in general. Always check the package: a product’s own labels win.

Names GoodSwap recognizes on labels (7)
  • e433
  • tween 80
  • polysorbate 80
  • emulsifier polysorbate 80
  • polysorbate 80 emulsifier
  • polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate
  • polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate

Sources

  1. Dietary emulsifiers impact the mouse gut microbiota promoting colitis and metabolic syndrome

    Nature · Mar 5, 2015 · Peer-reviewed

    “carboxymethylcellulose and polysorbate-80, induced low-grade inflammation and obesity/metabolic syndrome in wild-type hosts and promoted robust colitis in mice predisposed to this disorder.”

    doi.org

  2. Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of polysorbates (E 432–436) as food additives

    European Food Safety Authority · Jul 17, 2015 · Agency assessment

    “There is no concern regarding genotoxicity, carcinogenicity or developmental toxicity.”

    doi.org

  3. 21 CFR 172.840 Polysorbate 80

    Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR), U.S. Office of the Federal Register · Dec 16, 2020 · Law

    ecfr.gov

  4. Commission Regulation (EU) No 1129/2011 of 11 November 2011 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 by establishing a Union list of food additives

    European Union (Official Journal) · Nov 11, 2011 · Law

    “E 127 Erythrosine 200 only cocktail cherries and candied cherries”

    eur-lex.europa.eu